[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":24},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content-roman-numerals-en":3},{"about":4,"steps":7,"faq":11},[5,6],"Roman numerals show up on clock faces, in chapter numbers, with kings and popes, in film credits and as years on buildings or tattoos. This tool converts in both directions: enter a number like 2026 and you get MMXXVI, enter MCMXCIV and you get 1994. It recognises what you typed by itself.","For every result you see the breakdown into its symbols, e.g. M + CM + XC + IV. Spellings like IIII (on some clocks) or IC are read too, with a hint to the standard form. For other number systems use the [[number-base-converter]]; to write numbers in words, use [[number-to-words]].",[8,9,10],"Enter a whole number from 1 to 3999 or a Roman numeral – upper or lower case does not matter.","Read the result and copy it with one click.","Under “Breakdown” you see which symbols the number is made of.",[12,15,18,21],{"q":13,"a":14},"How do Roman numerals work?","There are seven symbols: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000. They are added from large to small (VIII = 8). A smaller symbol in front of a larger one is subtracted: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900.",{"q":16,"a":17},"Why does it stop at 3999?","With seven symbols and the rule “at most three in a row”, MMMCMXCIX = 3999 is the largest number. Larger values were written with a bar over the symbol (times 1000); that notation was never consistent, so the tool does not support it. The Romans had no zero.",{"q":19,"a":20},"Is IIII wrong?","The standard spelling of 4 is IV. Many clocks still show IIII, and the additive form also appears in old inscriptions. The tool reads such forms but shows the standard spelling.",{"q":22,"a":23},"How do I write a date in Roman numerals?","Convert day, month and year separately and separate them with dots, e.g. 29.10.2026 = XXIX.X.MMXXVI. “This year” fills in the current year directly.",1793707146079]